Population management means the proper distribution of population in accordance with the availability of resources.
Population control means controlling the population by using various contraceptive methods. Some major methods of population control are:
A) Birth spacing
Birth spacing means the interval between two consecutive births. The early delivery of the next baby before the growth of the first one affects the first baby because there are insufficient breast milk and a lack of proper care. It also adversely affects the health of the pregnant woman. So, there should be a birth spacing of 4/5 years in order to overcome the problems.
B) Appropriate age of marriage
The appropriate age is 20 for a girl and 25 for a boy. The women should get married after the age of 20 because of the age of reproduction for females 20-30. But it is appropriate for males to get married after the age of 25 since the physical growth continues in them up to 25 years. The health of both mother and child is in danger if the mother gives birth to the baby before 20 and after 35.
C) First pregnancy at age
First pregnancy at age means first contraception at age. Since the appropriate age of marriage for a girl is after 20, the first pregnancy at age should be after 20. The advantages of first pregnancy at age are:
- Low risk of pregnancy damage
- Parents get an opportunity to have income-generating skills and education to keep children healthy.
- Parents have the opportunity to get information on the reproductive system, childcare, family planning, maternal child health, and immunization.