Which country is Papua New Guinea part of?

Option B

Officially the Independent State of Papua New Guinea, this island nation occupies the eastern half of the island of New Guinea, and includes numerous offshore islands. Between 50,000 and 70,000 years ago ancient peoples migrated from Southeast Asia, and began to settle the islands. Agriculture was developed around 7,000 BC, and with the arrival of the sweet potato crop in the 18th century traders brought the sweet potato to New Guinea, where it was adopted and became part of the staples. Portuguese traders had obtained it from South America and introduced it to the Moluccas.