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Bipina Poudel Science/Tech

Model for the formation and evolution of the solar system first developed in the 19th century

Question

What is the name of the model for the formation and evolution of the solar system first developed in the 19th century by Emanuel Swedenborg, Immanuel Kant, and Pierre-Simon Laplace?

Options
Option A

Gravitational collapse exposition

Option B

Nebular hypothesis

Option C

Giant molecular cloud theory

Option D

Big bang theory

Correct Option

Option B

Explanation

The nebular hypothesis is the leading theory, amongst scientists, which states that the planets were formed out of a cloud of material associated with a youthful sun, which was slowly rotating. Later in 1900, Thomas Chrowder Chamberlin and Forest Ray Moulton considered that a wandering star approached the sun. As a result, a cigar-shaped extension of material was separated from the solar surface. As the passing star moved away, the material separated from the solar surface continued to revolve around the sun and it slowly condensed into planets. They considered that sun was surrounded by a solar nebula containing mostly the hydrogen and helium along with what may be termed as dust. The friction and collision of particles led to formation of a disk-shaped cloud and the planets were formed through the process of accretion. It is the most widely accepted model in the field of cosmogony to explain the formation and evolution of the Solar System (as well as other planetary systems). It suggests that the Solar System is formed from the nebulous material. The theory was developed by Immanuel Kant and published in his Allgemeine Naturgeschichte und Theorie des Himmels ("Universal Natural History and Theory of the Heavens"), published in 1755 and then modified in 1796 by Pierre Laplace. Originally applied to the Solar System, the process of planetary system formation is now thought to be at work throughout the universe.

Solar Nebula Theory: Hypothesis

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