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Bipina Poudel Physics

Holes in a semiconductor behave

Question

Holes in a semiconductor behave as though they have___________.

Options
Option A

no charge

Option B

negative charge

Option C

no mass

Option D

positive charge

Correct Option

Option D

Explanation

In its crystalline structure, Si and Ge tends to share one of its valence electrons and also take share of one electron from its neighbour atoms. As temperature is increased, some of the electrons break free and behave as conduction electrons. This creates a vacancy in the bond and creates a positive charge also known as a hole. It behaves as an apparent free charge similar to an electron and contributes to conduction. 
Notes:
1. Holes do not actually move in the semiconductor. The movement of electrons from the valence band to the conduction band and neighbouring atom can be viewed as movement of hole.
2. Mobility of holes is less than electrons.

IMPORTANCE OF HOLES - RESULT

When an electron jumps from one atom to another atom with an available hole via the conduction band, it appears as if a hole has moved from the second atom to the first. Hence, holes also contribute to conduction in a semiconductor.  

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