Taste buds are sensory found in tongue of animals which is responsible for sensing different taste of stuff they eat. Taste buds have the ability to regenerate themselves if they get damaged due to burn and infections.

When you chew your food the chemicals from the food gets to the nose where chemicals in the nose triggers smell (olfactory sensors). Taste buds and olfactory sensors work together to create that delicious flavor of yummy mo:mo we eat. 

Different areas of tongue are responsible for producing different taste experiences. The diagram below illustrates the taste zones and taste